Water-motor



(No Model.) 3 sheets sheet 1.

I. H. SPENCER.

WATER MOTOR. No. 479,097., Patented July 1 9, 1892.

(No Model.) 7 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

I. H. SPENCER.

WATER MOTOR. No. 479.097. 1 Patented July 19, 1892.

Md van @igiw, M 7cm. 4 fig (No Model.) I 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

I. H. SPENCER.

WATER MOTOR. No. 479,097. Patented July 19, 1892.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' IRA H. SPENCER, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

WATER-MOTO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 479,097, dated July 19,1892. Application filed October 5, 1891. Serial No. 407,706- (No model.)

T0 (1% whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IRA'ILSPENCER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inWater-Motors, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription, whereby any one skilled in the art can make and use thesame.

The object of my invention is to provide an engine or apparatus havingmoving parts that will be operated by the flow of water under pressure,the device being adapted to be connected up to a water-pipe in whichthere is a pressure available for moving the operating parts.

To this end my invention consists in the several parts making up themotor as a whole,

and in the combination of such parts, as more particularly hereinafterdescribed, and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a view in front elevation of myimproved water motor. Fig. 2 is a view in rear elevation of the device.Fig. 3 is a diagram View showing the position of the parts at thebeginning of the upward stroke of the main engine. Fig. 4 is adiagramview showing a succeeding step in the operation of the device and withsecondary engine in operation. Fig. 5 is a diagram View showing anothersucceeding step in the operation of the device. Fig. 6 is a diagram viewshowing the fourth step in the operation of the device or just as themain piston has completed-its return stroke.

The motor as a whole is composed of a main engine A and a secondaryengine B, that is similar in construction to the main engine, but is,however, much smaller in the size of the operating parts. In the mainengine the cylinder a is supported on any suitable base 0, usually in anupright position, the inletpipe d communicating with the chamber 0' atthe lower end of the cylinder, within which the piston, that may be ofcommon construction, is located, the piston-rod a extending through acap of, that is of any suitable construction and provided with suitablepacking to prevent the outflow of the water about the piston-rod. On theinlet side of the en gine there is a governor-valve d, that is connectedup with the moving parts in such way as to remain partly open at alltimes, being open to its fullest extent when the piston is abouthalf-way in its stroke, the object of this construction and operation ofthe governorvalve being to diminish the flow of water, and therefore thepressure as the piston approaches the end of its stroke, so as toprevent shock by sudden stoppage. An inlet-valve e is arranged at thejunction of the main inlet-pipe d and a branch pipe (1 that communicateswith the upper end of the cylinder ata point beyond the end of thestroke of the piston, and a similar pipe d forming an outlet, extendsfroin the chamber in the same end of the cylinder and communicates withthe outlet-pipe f, that is preferably, for convenience, in line with theinlet-pipe and extends from the cylinder and on its opposite side. Anoutlet-valve c is arranged at the point of junction of the pipes d andf.These valves e and e are three-Way cocks of ordinary construction, andeach of them is provided with a lever-handle g 9, that is connected tothe operating parts as a means of opening and closing the valves.

The piston-rod a of the main engine bears a cross-head a that on oneside is connected by a rodh to a lever it, that is pivoted to a suitablesupport, as a bracket 77. on the pipe (1 the other end of the. leverbeing connected by a rod h with the lever-handle 71 of thegovernor-valve d.

A secondary engine B, that is a counterpart of the main engine, but of amuch smaller size, is connected to a branch i of the main water-pipe d,the inlet to the secondary engine coming from a point beyond thegovernor-valve, while the outlet from the secon dary engine connects upto the pipe f at a point beyond the valve e, although it is notnecessary that the secondary engine should be connected with the samesource ofwatersupply or the same pipes that serve to connect and operatethe main engine. The secondary engine has aicylinder 1), within which islocated a piston of common construction, and piston-rod b the latterextending through suitable packing in the cylinderhead. An inlet-pipe 11extends from the supply-pipe 2', communicating with the chamber at eachend of the cylinder 1;, and an outletpipe 11 extends from these chambersto the outlet-pipe i'. At the points of connection of these severalpipes the three-way valves 6 e are arranged, each having lever-handles gg connected to the Plug, and these leverhandles are in turn connected bymeans of rods to the cross-head a of the main piston. The connecting-rodextends through the opening in the cross-head, and stop devices k areadjustably secured to the connectingrod j, so that the connecting-rodwill be moved in either direction by contact of the crosshead with thestop devices, the latter being arranged in proper position to give tothe connecting-rod the proper extent of throw to open and close thevalves 6 c at the proper times. The lever-handles of the valves 6 and care connected by suitable rods to the piston-rod b of the secondaryengine, the function of which is to operate the inlet and outlet valvesof the main engine.

In order to prevent the closing of the valves e 6 before the propertime, a counterpoiseweight Z is secured to one end of the lever l, theother end of the lever being connected to the lower end of theconnecting-rod that controls the movement of the valves e a counterpoiseoperates to hold the valves with the connecting-rod at the upper limitof its play until the downward movement of the cross-head encounters thestop 70 and insures the timely operation of the valves.

When the several parts are in the position shown in Fig. 3 of thedrawings, the valve 6 is turned so as to allow the full pressure of thewater on the inlet-side of the engine to be exerted in the chamber belowthe piston in the cylinder a, and this pressure operates to cause thepiston to make an upward stroke. When this upward stroke is completedand when the valve 6 is still open, the valve e in the secondary engineis turned so as to allow the water to flow freely into the inletpipe bto the under part of the cylinder (1, the valve e being in such positionas to prevent any further flow of the fluid through the pipes. Theupward movement of the pistonrod a carries the cross-head into contactwith the stop 7t on the connecting-rod j, and by moving theconnecting-rod opens the valves 6 and e the valve 6 being opened so asto allow the water to flow into the chamber below the piston in cylinder1), and the valve (2 being opened on the outlet side to form anexhaust-valve for the water above the piston of the secondary engine.The pressure of the water in the cylinder below the piston causes thepiston to lift, and this lifting of the piston operates the valves e andc by means of the connecting-rod, turning the valve 6 so as to allow thewater to flow through the inlet-pipe d to the upper end of the cylinderabove the piston, and closing the outlet-valve 6' against any flow ofwater from the pipe d but opening an exhaust-way for the outflow ofwater from the cylinder below the piston when the piston is forceddownward by the This inflow of water through the valve 0 and theinlet-pipe (1 The piston is forced downward by the pressure of the waterand the crosshead in its movement strikes the stop 70, moves theeonnecting-rod j, and returns the valves 6 e to their original position.In this position of the valve 6 the water flows through the pipe b intothe cylinder above the piston and forces it downward, and by thisdownward movement returns the valves e and e to the position that theyhad at first, the valve 0 having been turned so as to allow the water inthe cylinder and below the piston to pass freely out of the cylinder onthe downward stroke of the piston. All of the several operative partsare now in the position first described, and the several successive movements of the pistons and valves will be repeated as long as a pressureis maintained in the supply-pipe.

The operation of the governor-valve d is to prevent shock by the suddenstopping of the piston-rod of the main engine; but it is not abolutelynecessary to the successful working of the engine thatthisgovernor-valve shall be attached, as this same function is performed bythe secondary engine I), which in its operation of the valve of the mainengine diminishes the flow of water at each end of the stroke of themain piston. As I have said, this governor-valve d is not absolutelynecessary, but it aids the secondary engine in preventing a hammering ateach end of the stroke of the piston of the main engine.

In the diagram views, Figs. 3, 4, and 5, are shown the position of thevalves and connecting-rods in successive steps in the operation of thedevice. In these diagram views the fluid-ways through the several valvesare indicated by the lines as shown on each valve. For instance, on thevalve c is shown the mark T, which shows that the opening through thevalve is straightway into the bottom of the cylinder; but when thisvalve is turned by the upward movement of the handie-lever g thisstraightway through the valve is closed and the fiuidway extends in andthen up. The marks on the several valves indicate the fiuidways throughthe valves at the successive steps in the operation of the device ineach of these diagram views.

I claim as my invention- 1. In combination, in awater-motor,amain enginehaving the inlet and exhaust pipes connected with the opposite ends ofthe cylinder, the inlet and exhaust valves appurtenant to the inlet andexhaust pipes, a sec ondary engine having corresponding parts andvalves, a yoke connected to the leverhandles of the valves of thesecondary engine and to the cross-head secured to the piston of the mainengine, the adjustable stops attached to the connecting-rod on oppositesides and in the path of movement of the yoke, and the yoke secured tothe pistonrod of the secondary engine and connected with thelever-handles of the inlet and exhaust valves of the .main engine, allsubstantially as described.

2. In a fluid-motor, in combination with a main engine having areciprocating piston with chambers at opposite ends of the cylin-l derand inlet and outlet pipes connected with said chambers, the inlet andexhaust valves located in the respective pipes, the secondary engineconnected to the main supply-pipe at points beyond the said valves andhaving a reciprocating piston, and the inlet and exstantially asdescribed.

haust valves, the valve-operating rods operatively connecting the inletandt exhaust valves of the secondary engine with the pis ton of the mainengine, and the secondary engine having its piston-rod operativelyconnected with the lever-handles of the inlet and exhaust valves of themain engine, all sub- IRA I-I. SPENCER. Witnesses:

A. B. JENKINS,

H. D. SPENCER. V

